lebioda



No. 609,442. Patented Aug. 23, I898.

G. F. LEBIDDA.

APPARATUS FOR DYEING AND IMPREGNATING WOOD.

(Application filed Dec. 29, 1897.) (N0 mam 2 Sheets$heef l.

No. 609,442. Patented Aug. 23, I898. G. F. LEBIODA.

APPARATUS FOR DYEING AND IMPREGNATING WOOD.

(Application filed Dec. 29, 1897.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

5% IrLzre 7-5250 2".-

THE NORRIS PiTEflS co, PHOTO-LITHO, WASHlNGTON,-D. c.

Mir-E STATES PATENT 7 FFiCEa.

GEORG FRIEDRICH LEBIODA, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters IPatent No. 609,442, dated August 23, 1898. Application filed December ZQ, 1897. SerialNo.-664,337. (No model.) Patented in Belgium July 8, 1897, No. 12'7,364.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEpRe FRIEDRICH LEBI- 0DA,a subject of the King of Prussia,Emperor of Germany, residing at the city of Paris, in

which I have obtained Belgian Patent No.

127,364, dated July 8, 1897 of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for impregnating and dyeing or coloring wood, a suitable fiuid being passed, undera high pressure, longitudinally through the fibers of the wood in the manner of filtration and in a constant stream. The said liquid may be a dyestuff or may contain adhesive substances, such as albumen, gum, and resin. Certain oils, metallic salts, or antiseptic or decomposition-preventingliquids may also be employed.

The improved apparatus consists of a cylinder, open below and closed above, and a cylinder closed below by a sieve or' strainingplate,whichlatter cylinder is directly attached to the upper one by means of flange-rings or the like. In this cylinder or receptacle the wood to be treat-ed is placed, after having been first cut with a smoothsurface, so as to stand level on the sieve-plate. The holes left free by the wood in the sieve-plate are stopped with plugs, and a thin layer of some suitable substance which hardens when cold is poured over it. The liquid is finally conveyed, under high pressure, into the receptacle and forced through the wood to be treated, after which the liquid, after depositing the dye or impregnating substances in the fibers of the wood, is discharged through the sieve-holes under the lower part of the wood.

The improved apparatusis so arranged that the vessel receiving the wood may be closedbelow by an under piece and be'open above in order to force the liquid upward through the wood from below, if desired. The under part is adjustable inheight by means'of a screw-spindle, and during the impregnation from above is so far lowered that the work- -man can see the discharge of the liquid which may then be carried off by means of a discharge or catch pipe. In proximity to the sieve-plate the wall of the lower cylinder is further provided with a hollow space, in which after the completion of treatment of the wood steam may be admitted in order to soften the substance employed for closing the holes in the sieve which are notcovered by the wood and for fixing the wood.

This improved apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section; Fig. 2, a horizontal section on the line was of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a section on the line 19 y of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a section on the line .2 z of Fig. 2. r

The vessel intended to receive the wood t be treated consists of an upper cylinder at and A an under cylinder b, in which a bottom plate d, provided with a flanged ring 0 and having numerous holes, is inserted from below. The two cylinders a and b are connected by flangerings eand eandbolts f. The lower cylinder 1) has an internal iron casing b and is carried by three supports or standards 9. p The bottom plate cl is secured to the lower ring-flange of the cylinder 1) by means of screw-bolts h. Washer-rings t' are provided between the cylinders b and a and between the cylinder 1) and the sieve-plate d, which produces a tight joint even under high pressure. The cylinder 0. is closed above by means of a collar a, in which a manhole closed by a cover m and carrying rings 0 are provided. The cylinder at has alsoasafety-valvelcand a manometer Z. An additional part 19 is arranged under the perforated bottom plate d, which part 19 may be suitably adjusted vertically by means of a screw-spindle 10 and is revoluble in a support 19 by means of a revol uble hand-Wheel p Theflat edge of the part 19 engages with an annular groove over an annular projection of the bottom plate 61 Between both plates a washer-rim g t" is arranged and compressed when the lower nuts h of the bolt h are tightened. A discharge-opening q, provided with a discharge-pipe g, which is capable of being closed, is arranged in the under part 1). A funnel g attached to a discharge-pipe g is arranged beneath the opening q, through which pipe the liquid can be discharged when the pipe q is opened. A tap or cock 0, Fig. 3, is inserted in the cylinder 1), through which liquid under pressure can be pumped or forced into the interior of the cylinders 11 and l). A

tap s on the bottom plate (1 is also provided, through which liquid under pressure can be pumped under the bottom plate.

In order to be able to discharge, if desired, the liquid contained in the receptacles, the cylinder 1) is also provided with a dischargetap it. The flange-ring c of the bottom plate dis also provided with a broad annular groove or channel, in which steam may be admitted through a tap t, Fig. 4, as will be hereinafter described. Another tap t serves for letting off the steam and the liquid condensed therefrom, and a further tap t is inserted in the bottom plate at itself, Fig. 4, in order to allow steam to be conveyed under the sieve-plate even when the under partp is pushed up in its highest position.

The mode of working of the apparatus hereinbefore described is as follows: The screws or bolts fare slackened, and the upper cylinder a is raised, by means of the liftingrings 0, from off the lower cylinder b. The under part 19 is then brought into its lower position by means of the hand-wheel 19 The wood A to be treated, which is cut smooth on its faces, is placed on the sieve-plate d, and the holes in the bottom plate which remain uncovered by the wood are closed by means of wooden plugs. A cement or substance, such as resin or tar, capable of being melted is then poured between the pieces of wood and the inner wall of the cylinder. On this substance setting a cement-like layer a few centimeters in height forms a tight joint or closing to the lower part of the cylinder, and the said layer also serves to keep the wood in position. The cylinder at is then again brought into its position and screwed tight by means of the bolts f, a good joint being obtained by reason of the washer-rings employed. The liquid under pressure is then allowed to enter the receptacle through the tap 7", which liquid only finds an exit through the wood and the holes beneath the same. The sap is thus expelled from the wood, and the liquid under pressure takes its place. As the under part 19 is lower than the cylinders, the discharge of the sap and the liquid under pressure through the holes in the bottom plate may be readily observed. After the liquid has penetrated every fiber of the wood along its entire length a first time it may be caught on its discharge from the openings of the plate 01 in the lower part 19 and, by opening the pipe q, carried ofi through the pipe g in order to be forced through the wood for a suitable second treatment.

In case the liquid under pressure has to be discharged from the wood-receptacle without passing through the sieve-plate and part the tap a is opened.

After the liquid under pressure has acted sufficiently from above it is allowed to pass from below under the bottom plate d. To enable this tobe done, the under part 19 is raised by means of the hand-wheel 132 and fastened by means of the nuts h of the bolts h while the washer-ring 11 is compressed. The tube or nozzle q is then tightly closed and the manhole-cover removed. The tap is now opened, and the liquid under pressure passes under the bottom plate and penetrates from below upward through the wood. When the impregnation is completed, the liquid is allowed to run off, and steam is conveyed through the taps t and into the annular channel around the flanged ring 0, as well as under the bottom plate d, whereby the layer of cement, resin, or the like employed for closing the holes not covered or closed by the wood and for holding the wood in position is softened. The upper cylinder is then lifted and the finished wood removed in order to be replaced by a fresh supply, after which the process hereinbefore described is repeated.

This invention is of great advantage in that the impregnation takes place in the direction of the fibers and the pressure may be allowed to rise up to a certain degree, which can be easily and exactly ascertained by means of the manometer. A further advantage is that no special form need be given to the wood, and the coloring of the wood by impregnation by a cold process may take place, so that the fibers of the wood are not in any way affected. Finally, by the present invention timbersuch, for instance, as railway-sleepersmay be so thoroughly impregnated with a decay-resisting substance that it cannot decay, and thereby very great durability is imparted to it.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In combination, the vessel adapted to receive the wood to be treated and having a perforated bottom to support the wood, the

removable under part 19 adapted to form a chamber beneath the perforated bottom, the threaded standard and hand-wheel for raising and lowering said part 19, and the admission and exit valves to said vessel and chamber for the treating fluid, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the vessel for the wood composed of two parts a b detachably connected together, the perforated bottom plate abutting against the lower edge of said vessel and having an annular flange extending up within the vessel and abutting against an annular shoulder within the vessel,said flange forming with the wall of the vessel an annular steam-channel, steam inlet and exhaust ports to said chamber, a removable under part p forming a chamber beneath the perforated plate, and admission and exit valves for the treating liquid, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

GEORG FRIEDRICH LEBIODA. Witnesses:

PAUL HOFFRIOHTER, AUGUST GAsT.

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